VOLUNTEERS IN JAMBIANILiz Rose (VSO Teacher/Adviser for ZAP): Latest blog from JambianiZAP Blog March 09 The time is going so quickly. Nan and Simon Oliver go at the end of the month, after 6 months here; I will miss them horribly. They have worked so hard and achieved a great deal. Nan has done wonderful things with the sewing ladies and her English classes with Standard 2 (about nine years old) are a joy. The children have really progressed under her care and the junior school teachers have started to copy her methods – which is just what we want. Nan has made some incredible posters for her lessons which I would like to frame but I shall have to settle for storing them carefully for the future. I will certainly use them with my school classes later on. Simon has worked steadily with Form 1 and deserves a medal for battling against the odds. The text books presume that the students can put a sentence together - but few actually can. Both teachers that have worked alongside Simon have expressed their appreciation and tell me that they have learnt new ways of delivering their lessons from him. I shall miss finding him in the library, slaving through a mound of marking ( about 60 books) yet always ready to listen to my moans. We have all spent a lot of time sharing problems and working out ways of dealing with them. I am teaching maths to Form 1, and I have the same problem as Simon in that the text books require a much higher level of English than the students possess but it is slightly easier to deal with it in maths. Generally I team-teach in Form 1 and so my partner translates for me. It works well and we now have 2 classes of students that work independently and who are definitely making progress. When I first started, one student would do the work and the other 5 around them would copy. Getting them to work independently has been one of the main tasks and to do it we resorted to setting tests where each student on a table (3 at each) did a different test. That shocked them into working rather than copying. We even have some students now who are getting enthusiastic about the subject! I also have a junior class for reading and we are doing phonetics and having stories and songs. I really enjoy it as I have rarely had a chance to do these things before. We battled through the story of the Enormous Turnip (in Kiswahili and English) and we managed all the repetitions with great enthusiasm. We have a steadily increasing repertoire of songs including “Ten little Octopus” and “Brother Juma, Brother Juma, are you sleeping?” I am about to pick up a reading class with Form 1 and Form 2 students - so no doubt they will also be heard around the school warbling away! We do a form of Buzz. “One, two, three, anasema (he says) buzz” with clapping and arm movements. They love it. Trying to explain the usual method of playing “buzz” was completely beyond me but one day we’ll learn to do it properly. School is from 7.40 until 1.15 and although that does not seem long, teaching classes of 50 to 60 with few resources is tiring. Generally I teach 6 out of the 8 periods though by period 8, both the students and I are staggering. Outside of school, I have two community English classes. They are great fun. Recently I inherited some students from a teacher who had returned to Europe and my classes suddenly became mixed - rather than ladies on Monday and men on Friday. I wasn’t quite sure what to expect from the change, but we are settling back down as a group and I am enjoying the new dynamic. In the school classroom, the students work in same-sex groups but this lot seem quite happy working in mixed groups. In fact I get the impression that there is a lot going on that I am not quite getting. Plenty of smiley faces. ZAP has provided a lot of textbooks this year but there are plenty of subject areas that are trying to cope without the prescribed textbooks. It is very difficult. The students cannot afford to buy books, the ministry does not provide them and the school does not have the money. Jambiani is better off than most but it is a long way from being adequately funded. I am continually being asked for money for books and furniture by the school staff because the school cannot afford to provide them. I am surprised by the poverty. Jambiani looks quite affluent with its large holiday homes scattered along the beach. The houses, which belong mainly to Europeans, have water and electricity as well as beautiful balconies and verandas. Yet in the village, many of the homes are without either electricity or water and quite a few need new roofs. So many of the children come to school in torn or dirty uniform because they simply cannot do anything else. They all wear shoes in school (mainly plastic flip flops) but out of school, they go barefoot. The teachers are paid very little and all of them have to have second jobs. I come home and rest whilst most of my colleagues head off to their fields and work hard in the heat of the afternoon. Our librarian was complaining the other day that she had to go to collect firewood after work, which meant a long walk of several miles and with a heavy load on the return. Most of the villagers cook outside on wood and so wood collecting, like water carrying, is a part of all the women’s lives. I have my washing done by a woman even older than me. I know that each morning (when low tide) she goes out into the lagoon to do seaweed farming. It is unpleasant and heavy work for which she gets paid very little. She returns to look after her grandchildren and whilst they play, she makes rope from coconut fibres (coir). Whenever I see her, she is working. Her house is spotless yet she has no water and no electricity and cooks outside on wood. She washes my clothes sitting on the ground by the tap in my garden, using two washing-up bowls. Liz Rose - VSO Teacher/Adviser - latest ReportI would first like to thank Robin and Linda Clarke, and Olivia Boyle (Ashurst, London) for what they have done to help with education in the village: ZAP volunteer Olivia Boyle’s law firm , ASHURST in London, made a very generous donation of 490 Swahili/English dictionaries which Olivia brought out in the summer; they have also contributed a large quantity of pens, pencils and notebooks, some of which have been used for exams. Linda Clarke – star ZAP fund-raiser - brought out two books for young children when she and her husband visited Jambiani in August, one of which has a CD. We have used it extensively with one of the nursery classes which comes into the library. The children love it and the other day, an elderly lady came in and she was also captivated. She stood right in front of the computer and traced the animals on the screen. The children had to wait. We are almost at the end of the academic year here. Everyone has made me very welcome and I seem to be known by name by every child in the village. My brief at Jambiani School is to improve the academic results in both Maths and English. For the last 3 months I have been working with classes in Standard 7 and Form 1 in both subjects. All the teachers involved especially Abdullah and Selma, have been extremely cooperative and supported me whilst I get to grips with the very different system here. It has been great having Simon and Nan Oliver here and we have spent many hours discussing the situation at the school and working with Mr Maabad, the headmaster, and Abdullah Musa, the teacher in charge of the academic development of the school, to decide how we can progress. These are many problems in the school and they result in the teachers working in very difficult conditions. The most obvious are that the classes are very large and that there are few textbooks. Trying to teach 50-80 students without textbooks or a photocopier is hard-going. The students and the teachers have many calls upon their time outside of school hours and often come to school tired and hungry. Some of the teachers earn much less than the minimum wage, which for Tanzania is about $75 a month. They have to have a second job to survive. At school, I am supposed to work with the teachers but often I teach on my own as teachers disappear in order to earn a little more money. Many of the local families have to manage on even less. I also teach maths at the other village junior school but last week when I turned up, I was told that because of the heavy rain, there were no children to teach. But then with no cars and no waterproof clothing, what else can little children do in a torrential downpour, except stay home. The national exams and the overloaded syllabus are very difficult to work with - even more so because they are in the student’s second language. I do feel that because of the heavy demands of the Tanzanian syllabus, the content teaching for both maths and English is best left to the experts – the teachers in the school. After much discussion, we feel that we need to develop our work in the following areas: · the development of English as an academic language i.e. language suitable for dealing with all Form 4 exams. · ensuring that students have strong grasp of the basic mathematical structures in order to work more quickly. I took 60 five year olds for a maths lesson the other day and faced with no teacher and no books (and no chairs or desks either) we did clapping games – 1,2,3, up, 1,2,3 down etc- which had them all laughing and trying to count up (eventually) to 12. I don’t expect the little ones to be very speedy with numbers but I have been surprised at how weak the older students are in multiplication and other basics. We are going to implement a period of time once a week (perhaps half a lesson) when students are tested on basic mathematical functions. There are plenty of books available (which I can bring from England) with 15 minute tests, where the questions are read out to the students. The students can mark each other’s work and a formal, teacher-marked test need only be done once a month. The teachers already spend far too much time marking and I really don’t want to add to it. In fact we are looking at ways of reducing it. I am also learning songs and games suitable for 5 year olds and one of the teachers is teaching me the “Boogie Boogie” in Kiswahili. I couldn’t actually tell which language the children were singing in, but they had great fun putting their left legs in and out etc. Jambiani School has a wonderful library, thanks to ZAP and other charities and donors, and I am working my way through the shelves. I had sorted out all the adult fiction and children’s books into various categories but then discovered that the librarian had come after me and changed it all as she had her own system – from tallest to smallest. I have also discovered a complete reading scheme in a cupboard (first shipment from ZAP I gather) and I am working with some other teachers to make use of it. It’s not culturally specific but it’s all we’ve got, so we’ll do our best. Trying to organise reading sessions with 60 young children, without one desk or chair between them, is an interesting challenge. Reading is an important part of language development, yet in Tanzania there is no real culture of reading, so having these books is a real advantage. I want to start the reading scheme with Standard 3, with the possibility of using it with other years later. I also want to train some of the teachers and the librarians to use it with the students as it is important that Jambiani teachers can continue this scheme when the volunteers leave. In the future, it would be more suitable to buy culturally specific books for this purpose and I hope that ZAP will be able to consider this, once the initial scheme has been implemented successfully. I also want to look at the possibility of incorporating a phonics programme for Standard 3, to ensure that the students are able to decode text more quickly since many students don’t actually understand much of what they are reading. ZAP purchased a clock for the examination room and is in the process of buying 160 Form I English books for the new academic year. ZAP intends to institute an annual Mr Ameir Prize (in memory of the school English teacher, who also taught ZAP Ladies English classes for a number of years) for the best English student in Form 1. This would be in four areas – spelling, independent writing, debating/speaking and overall improvement. As the best way to learn a language is to use it creatively, e.g. in dramas and discussion, it would be helpful to set up a debating forum. The Ameir Prize would act as an inducement. We are also promoting a school magazine which will be a useful vehicle and tool for independent writing (and reading) by the students. I am waiting for the dates to run a short course in methodology and lesson planning, building upon the work done by TAP, the Zanzibari Teacher training programme. We would like all the teaching staff to have the skills to ensure that their teaching is focussed and effective. ZAP has agreed to pay a small amount to participants to cover food and expenses. It is very pleasing to have so many plans for the new academic year, starting in January, and I am looking forward to working with everyone to put those plans into action! Liz Rose Jambiani November 2008 First impressions of Jambiani by VSO Volunteer Teacher/Adviser.When I was first asked by VSO to consider working with ZAP, I sat down and read the proposal with total amazement. It sounded like the perfect placement; a wide and interesting brief that was totally geared up to working with a particular community. And of course, in a beautiful place. I could not wait to get started. “Shoulder to shoulder” (‘Bega Kwa Bega’) is the slogan for ZAP here in Jambiani and it certainly sums it up. Since I arrived, everyone has gone out of their way to help me and to make sure that I am settling in easily. Not that Jambiani is a difficult place to settle into. I have a feeling that the difficulty might be in leaving. Everyone is so friendly. I have a little house on the beach that is simply wonderful to live in. It only has two rooms and a bathroom but after a mind-boggling effort by Janie, I now have a kitchenette, hot water (total luxury here) and double sockets everywhere. The house also has a covered veranda where I can chat to visitors and eat my meals whilst watching the sea.  Liz with Mr Pandu Obviously I am not here simply to enjoy the beach and my lovely house. I actually have a very wide brief here with community as well as school involvement and so I decided that I first needed to find out what is going on in the village and what agencies were around in Zanzibar that might help us. This was a great excuse to meet all manner of people busy teaching free evening classes, developing alternative agricultural systems, teaching about the environment and promoting health advice. There is an amazing amount going on here, some things, like the clinic, are already well supported by ZAP. The clinic is excellent and widely used by people from the local villages as well as from Jambiani. It is good to be somewhere where the local people are working hard to develop their own lives and to protect their environment, and it means that they are very receptive to the sustained support and financial help which ZAP provides. It also means that any support goes a very long way. My main brief is to improve the level of maths and English teaching, working with both teachers and students and so I have also been meeting people from the Ministry of Education and various NGOs concerned with in-service training for teachers. I hope to make use of their expertise and knowledge of the system here. I helped out with the collation of exam marks from the recent mock exams for Standard 7, Form 2 and Form 4 last week, as the marks will provide us with a benchmark for improvement. The pass rate was extremely disappointing However, not only are the exams themselves really hard but they are in English, which is of course the second language, so this failure rate isn’t so surprising. It is however very depressing for both the students and their teachers. I have been into quite a few maths and English lessons and it is a bit daunting. Sixty plus students squashed into desks for forty, not enough books and no resources and a very big, very complicated syllabus to cover. The teachers and I have to work together to find ways to improve the methodology (and consequently the results), that are viable in these circumstances. Still I have started to collect resources and thanks to Amy and Linda (ZAP supporters) I now have plenty of pens, pencils and colours, so I will make up some resource boxes for teachers to take into the classroom. Another VSO (just finishing), has also given me all her material. I am busy collecting bottle tops, empty rice sacks, wooden spoons and clothes lines plus pegs! All well tried out and tested VSO teaching resources here. The classrooms are not closed and only have waist high walls so posters cannot be put up; a clothes line and pegs will do that job. The spoons are to make puppet families for rehearsing social language and story telling. I am going to ask the ZAP sewing ladies to make simple clothes for them. The rice sacks are used to make posters and the bottle tops are for all manner of counting and spelling activities. However most of these things will go into the nursery and junior schools. In the secondary school, we need many more writing materials, especially exercise books. The students have to provide their own and so they have a tendency to squash everything in when they write, to make their books last longer. Consequently their notes aren’t much use for revision. They are not impressed when I fuss about layout and leaving space between questions. We also need gallons of blackboard paint. It would really help if the students could actually see what is written on the boards in the first place. Thanks to ZAP, we will be able to make sure that all the students taking national exams (Standard 7, Form 2 and Form 4) next month will have a pen and a pencil. Yesterday Mr Pandu helped me collect a lot of resources and a table from town. He decided that it would be easier for me to bring the table home on the bus - and I did. I sat on the table at the bus station, which was great as there aren’t any chairs, and read a book until the bus came. A lot of people came up to find out what I was doing! The table was put on to the top of the bus. At Jambiani the table was taken down for me and three little boys came rushing over to help me get it home. I felt quite proud about managing it. The buses here usually carry luggage on their roofs and sometimes the pile is higher than the bus itself. I am off now to teach one of my English classes for the local ladies. It is great fun. Four ‘gap year’ students came to visit us last Friday and we had a party to practice our social language. The ladies are getting very good at “Would you like…” “Yes please.” and “No thank you.” as well as “Cheers” and used all the phrases enthusiastically as we drank our sodas and ate chocolate and crisps. Today it will be a little less fun – simple past tense according to the book.
Liz Rose SUMMER 2007 (Full Reports)More volunteers than ever before worked under ZAP sponsorship this summer, and here you will find some of their personal reports of their experiences.
Experiences of Emma, a volunteer teacher in Jambiani, Zanzibar - July 2007.During a long and uncomfortable flight Somaya and I felt some anxiety about what we would encounter in Zanzibar. The first person we met was Salum, Jambiani’s best tour operator; ‘Mama’ Janie had arranged for him to take us to Jambiani and we were to become very good friends. We saw him waving at us enthusiastically at the entrance to the airport, which made us feel better immediately. Salum was very chatty and told us a bit about what to expect, but despite this it was nice to see the familiar faces of Janie, Livs and Ems (volunteers from the previous summer who mentored us, and settled us into the village) when we arrived at Blue Lagoon.The first day As we had arrived late at night it was amazing to wake up to a picture perfect beach outside, and a busy friendly household. Among the many people we met in the first few days was Mr Pandu, ZAP’s African Director and Manager, of whom we had heard so much. He and his family made us very welcome and continued to be as caring and kind to us throughout our stay as they said they would be on our first day. In Jambiani, in my experience people keep their promises and do what they can to help you, even if it means putting themselves behind for a while. There may be some exceptions but I did not come across one!  Emma Teaching Walking into the school – although accompanied by Janie and Mr Pandu - was slightly daunting. My previous teaching experience (in Morocco) did not seem to help, as it was such a very different environment and atmosphere. However, the Headmaster, Mr Maabad welcomed us warmly and seemed glad to have another pair of hands on board for two months. The only way to know how any school works is to be there on a day to day basis. Throughout our 8 weeks we were constantly learning new things about the school system - teachers as well as pupils- in actual fact I think that at the end of our trip we had just started to really understand how things work. The first lesson was the hardest. NB! Future volunteers: do not set high expectations for the first lesson; be aware that even encouraging each child to speak is likely to be a new experience for them. Teaching was fun. It was everything you expect from teaching in an African country and everything you don’t! For example - in earlier lessons it was difficult to get the students to speak out loud as they were shy and didn’t want to make a mistake. The girls especially preferred to take a more passive role. I found that playing games in groups and in small teams helped improve their confidence. My first experience of a classroom where boys sat one side and girls the other (generally out of choice) was also difficult. I did not mind the boys and girls sitting separately but it was the atmosphere it caused and presumptions that come from it that made me uncomfortable. It meant there was a communication barrier between them which I think sometimes split the class and restricted them in answering questions as a whole – particularly so for the girls who were less ready to write answers on the board. Gradually, however, I found that the girls came out of their shells. I was pleasantly surprised at the way in which students encourage each other. If a student within the class makes a mistake they may feel embarrassed, yet the class on the whole supports them. There are also some children with disabilities or special needs within the mainstream classes, who are not especially catered for – of course they struggle and especially with a foreign language, e.g. English. However the support for them within the class and the genuine happiness for them when they get an answer right is admirable.  Emma with children This experience was a wake up call as to how poor the families in Jambiani really are. Walking through the village it is easy to see that people subsist on a minimal amount of money; yet it is hard to take in as they are so friendly and warm to visitors (and each other). As an example of the standard of living of an average family in Jambiani, here is a description of one of my student’s houses to which I was lucky enough to be invited. The young girl was 8 years old and one of my favourites; a very clever, polite and lovely girl who often tried to speak English with us. She took me to her house in the pitch black of the evening. There was one candle in the corner of the room next to the evening meal (tea and sweet bread) – the house had no roof, and no furniture. Obviously there being no light it was hard to know how many people were at home but they all fussed around me offering me food. I hesitated as I knew that there was likely to be little food to go around, but the family insisted I ate with them. The girl knew I had a camera and asked me to take some pictures of her family. It was then, on the camera screen, that I could see the whole picture. ZAP Library/Internet cafe  ZAP Library Somaya and I, assisted by the two excellent lady librarians, Nabawia and Vivian, began English classes after school for our students and for the younger children living nearby. The little children enjoyed playing games such as ‘What’s the time Mr Wolf?’ as well as drawing with the bright felt pens and pencils we had brought. A task we set which worked really well on all levels was to get the older children to read a story in English to the younger ones, then translate it into Swahili. It boosted the confidence of the former, and the little ones loved the attention. Ladies English Classes Although these ZAP funded classes may seem small scale, with about 12 ladies, I believe they have a very positive long-term effect. For example, one lady is head teacher of a Nursery school; as her confidence builds, she can teach her colleagues, and therefore the children will benefit from the new skills. The ladies, some of whom work together, practice their English and support each other. It seems that one reason for relatively low attendance of these classes concerns family ties and culture. Traditionally, a woman’s responsibility is to her family first and therefore activities outside the home are low on the list of priorities. Fortunately, however, it seems different for the younger generation of girls who seem to be equally as encouraged as the boys. Education, leading onto a career is highly valued by a huge majority of people in Zanzibar. Nursery Schools In the intervals when we were not teaching, we spent time at the nursery schools. The first visit was overwhelming. Most of the children were lively and curious and came straight up to welcome us and gave us cuddles. All of the children loved the extra attention that we gave them. As they got to know us better with each time we visited some of the more confident, boisterous children fought over who would hold our hands or sit next to us. We played games, tried to teach some simple English nursery rhymes, counted in English up to ten, helped them with writing their ABC, gave them some simple resources such as felt tip pens and large sheets of paper for drawing and got them to try to name the objects they drew in English. We were even lucky enough to go on a nursery school day trip to Nungwe’. Most of the nursery teachers are great. They are enthusiastic and use their extremely limited resources well. It is obvious when you spend time at the nursery that the teachers genuinely love the children and care for them. For example when were going on the school trip there were 3 children whose families could not afford to pay for their children to go. We offered to pay for these 3 children (a very small price to us compared to English school trips), but a couple of teachers said it was too late – there was no time to wait for them. However the other teachers (the majority) went into overdrive, to ensure that those children didn’t miss out on the trip, organising someone to bike quickly their houses to tell them to get ready for our coach to collect them. Once I visited a nursery school when the class were doing handwriting. All children have a book and pencil to practise. They sit on the floor in a circle and copy the letters into their books. Several children sat outside this circle against the wall not doing any work, so I asked why they were just watching, and not doing their work. The teacher replied that their parents could not spare the money to buy the child a book and the brown paper that covers it. I found out that there were altogether 15 children in the nursery who did not have a book, so I went to the shop next door and bought 15 exercise books and brown paper for a total cost of about £2. This is just another example of how little money the families really do have. This is why ZAP’s Nursery Porridge Project is so vital. ZAP provides porridge three times per week for each child at nursery school. This does not sound much but it really is as most children (and adults) only have one small meal per day. This meal is normally of little or no nutritional value. It may be for example cassava or rice or sweet bread and tea. Visiting the nursery on ‘porridge day’ is quite different to a day when there is no porridge; the children have a lot more energy and bouncing around much more than normal. I think this is a hugely successful initiative. Prize giving At the end of our stay we felt that our students had worked extremely hard and had made it easier for us to teach in a foreign country with their enthusiasm and growing confidence in our lessons. We wanted to reward them all in some way, so we decided to hold a prize-giving ceremony. We made up some certificates and went to Stone Town to buy prizes. We had the following awards in each class; Best Boy, Best Girl, Highest Achievement, Best effort and the Biggest Matata. We held an assembly with the Headmaster, Mr Ame the English teacher and Mr Pandu ZAP’s Manager. Each student came up to receive their certificate and prize and a round of applause. As there were 40 children in each class, we held a raffle where each student would receive a smaller gift i.e. a pen, pencil or notebook. When their number was called out they came forward for a lucky dip in the bag of goodies. That evening, with the approval of Mr Pandu and ZAP we held a party for all of our Form 1 students. It was suggested that they should wear school uniform, as this would show their parents that they would be supervised and therefore most of them would be permitted by their parents to attend. Pai, who with Choma was ZAP’s first vocational student (hospitality) had organised all the food and equipment. As the students arrived, boys sat on one side and girls on the other, but when the music started some of them plucked up the courage to dance to Bongo Flava, a familiar tune for them. We were surprised to see the girls dancing first, but slowly the boys followed. As they began dancing together we had a sinking feeling that this departure from local tradition might be seen as inappropriate and put at risk the good relationships we had made with the village throughout our 2 months stay. However when Mr Ame enthusiastically joined in we breathed a sigh of relief. The party was a huge success and I think everyone enjoyed the food, music and dancing, as did we. It was nice to be one of them rather than their teacher for a change. End of term test Before we left, we were asked to devise the end of term test, made up of all the topics we had taught them. We made sure that the students all knew about it so that they had plenty of time for revision. The test was completed in exam conditions to give a true reflection of their standard achieved. As in any school there was a range of results, from low to high, but the majority were in the higher end with over 50%. A handful of star students got up to 98% which was very gratifying. Looking more closely at the results, and from our general observation we were able to see that most of them had made a marked improvement, from simple pronunciation to complex questions and answers. There is no doubt that their confidence had grown. Summary Our trip was amazing and from start to finish we had brilliant experiences. We feel that we have made some good friends and hope to go back to Jambiani in the not so distant future to see friends and students. Because our students were exposed over a two month teaching period to spoken English, we think we have made a real difference. However, they will need constant encouragement to keep practicing and we felt we should share our teaching methods with the permanent teachers, discussing different ways to motivate the students. Mr Ame the English teacher said he liked some of our teaching methods and whilst we were there he tried some out on his Ladies English classes. He said they were something new for the teachers, and he enjoyed using them too. I think it would be extremely useful on a future visit to hold sessions with the teachers to share more ideas on classroom activities. At the very least, it would help to liven the class up when the children are tired from the heat and (most of the time) hungry. To conclude then, I had a wonderful experience in Jambiani. I would recommend teaching in Jambiani School to anyone who is confident and prepared to give their all for the duration of their stay. Even at the end of a teaching day you will always have something to do or a visitor popping around. This is what makes Jambiani. Be prepared for a busy time; although you will have some time to relax you will not just be there to sunbathe! There was never a dull moment and everyone made us feel at home which is why I think we enjoyed ourselves so much. Thank you to ZAP for giving us this opportunity and thanks especially to Mr Pandu and Salum for looking after us like your own family! Emma Welburn October 2007
Report from previous volunteers – Olivia’s and Emily’s second visit to JambianiOlivia writes: Olivia with children When we arrived, Jen and John, the volunteers from New York, were coming to the end of a wonderful drama based teaching project. The year groups they had concentrated on were Forms III and II and the progress they had made in a matter of weeks bowled us over. With this success in mind we believed that two months of Somaya’s and Emma’s uninterrupted input with Form I could reap huge rewards. Successful negotiations with Mr Maabad and Mr Ame, the head teacher and head of English respectively, resulted in a good initial acceptance of what the volunteers had to offer, and a strong relationship developed in which both sets of teachers, temporary and existing, worked as a team, prepared to learn many techniques and ideas from each other. Whilst we found the spirit of Jambiani mercifully unchanged, certain aspects of village life had moved on…fewer women were farming seaweed, several now turning their attentions to the sewing cooperative in full flow at the school; the fishing trade had unfortunately dwindled although the construction of the new main road had resulted in alternative employment for some of the young men; and the first Jambiani Champions League was in full flow, utilising all six football pitches, spread throughout the village! Any fears that Ems and I had been forgotten were luckily unfounded, however. As we set off on our bikes through the village on the first evening we found ourselves stopping every few yards to greet and catch up with old friends. I was particularly happy to see one of my old pupils, Juma, the mountain biking champion of Zanzibar. Last summer Juma had presented himself as someone very keen to master English. From the outset we knew it was a daunting prospect for him but the potential rewards for him were huge. If he could only reach a competent level of spoken and written English a generous Austrian had offered to support him in opening a cycle shop which would provide him with a regular income. This would be tough for him. Juma had never had any formal education and lived precariously with no regular income; he often arrived for our classes hungry and unable to concentrate. Over the past year Juma's level of English has improved greatly. He is now able to hold conversations and his level of understanding is very high. During our stay this summer it transpired, to our pleasure, that one of the reasons for this dramatic improvement is his regular use of the ZAP library. It turns out that during the past year many of our old students have been using the system we set up last summer, borrowing books from the library to practise their English. It was so exciting to see an initiative being seized so readily by all who were introduced to it. As a result, much of our time on this visit was spent expanding the resources available at the ZAP library and showing villagers how to use the Kiswahili – English dictionaries to their advantage. Furthermore, it is not only people in direct contact with ZAP who make use of the library. Word is spreading fast, particularly amongst the women, that the Library is a place where anyone is welcome to come and study! Emily writes: Last year Livs and I had spent a fantastic 6 weeks in Jambiani as volunteers, teaching English and learning as much as possible about the Jambiani village community. As Livs explains, this year our priorities were very different; since ten days off from work didn’t allow us enough time to set up regular after school lessons again, we were to help Somaya and Emma settle in, introduce them to everyone in the village and also to assist Janie in progressing the various ZAP Projects. It was therefore with great excitement and enthusiasm that we set off back to Jambiani, but like Livs, I was full of apprehension as to what sort of welcome we would receive and how many of our pupils and friends from last year would recognise us? Happily our fears were unfounded; within the first twenty fours hours it was as if we had never been away. Blue Lagoon quickly filled up with familiar faces, all smiling away and expressing their happiness to see us. On that first evening cycle ride shouts of “Emily” and “Olivia” brought a smile to my face. It was obvious from the welcome that we received that the villagers really were pleased to see us back again and obviously appreciated ZAP’s increasingly high profile in the village. One of the things we had learnt last summer was that the school was desperately short of English, Maths and Science teachers with the requisite experience to ensure that the Form III and the newly introduced Form IV pupils passed their exams. The village committee had asked ZAP to sponsor bursaries for teachers to go to the Zanzibar State University for further training in these disciplines. ZAP Directors agreed to fund two places and our challenge during this visit was to choose candidates from a long-list prepared by the committee. All short-listed candidates submitted letters, some in more fluent English than others, and we set up a series of interviews at Blue Lagoon. It was a tough prospect; even those applicants whose English was limited were able to convey their hunger and enthusiasm for this opportunity and we hated to dash so many hopes. However, we had Mr Pandu standing by with ‘wise and technical advice’ as always, and we all felt that the main criterion was for the teachers to return to Jambiani after their stint at University in order to benefit the pupils of our school. Whilst it would obviously be hard to enforce, those with family ties in the village, and previous local teaching experience would be prioritised. Another fact to take into account would be the likelihood of the ZAP sponsored students attaining good degrees – our first University graduates should be reasonably assured of success in this regard, to encourage others to take up places in future. We decided that a detailed study of university admissions criteria in Zanzibar was essential, and were advised that a minimum standard of achievement in higher secondary school grades (Form IV) should be insisted upon. Two excellent applicants, Makame (man) and Nassra (girl) were awarded these first bursaries, and have already begun their degree courses. During our ten days we spent a couple of mornings visiting the colleges where ZAP has sponsored vocational students in Stone Town. What was apparent from these very interesting visits was how grateful the students were for the opportunity to receive technical training. They were keen to show us how hard they were working and eagerly flashed their exam results in front of our eyes; these were certainly impressive, with several ZAP students coming top of their class. Nothing is simple in Zanzibar, however, and Janie was horrified to find out (initially through Mr Pandu, but also by their stick-thin appearance) that all the students were going hungry. Unable to work to support their families, they had become seriously and quite evidently under-nourished, and she quickly authorised a food allowance for them. (See Janie’s report and Mr Pandu’s ‘soup kitchen’) It was a lesson well learnt – you cannot give a young man the opportunity for full time study without providing him and his family with the basic necessities for survival while he is away from home. As we pondered on ‘our’ young men’s future, when they return to the village newly-qualified, we felt that there was another obligation looming for ZAP - to help set them up with the resources necessary to make use of their trades. Only then will they be in a position to improve things for their families, and to have the effect on the wider village economy which has always been ZAP’s goal. Having spent time last summer helping Janie set up the ZAP Library and Internet Café I was keen to see how things had progressed since last year. We were delighted that the two ladies who are now employed part-time (in conjunction with Salum’s tourism office next door) are having an enormously positive input. Nabawia and Vivian are bright, enthusiastic and efficient, good with the tourists and excellent in communicating with the UK. But the most exciting thing for us was to see the extent to which they have been encouraging the village children to come and make the most of what the Library has to offer. At 5 pm every day you could barely hear yourself think in the library as the younger children descended on the library to hear their older brothers/sisters/ friends read English books aloud whilst they drew pictures from the story books ably assisted by Emma - while Livs and I took the opportunity to talk with the older school boys and girls whom we had got to know last year and who were eager as usual to practise their spoken English. It was certainly ‘all go’ down in the ZAP Library until 6.30 the time for people to head off to evening prayers. It was sad how quickly ten days raced by, but what we managed to achieve in those ten days was amazing and could certainly not have happened had we not been so closely integrated into the village community, who are always directing us to the areas where ZAP’s help is particularly required. Having cemented our friendships with these lovely people we very much hope that we will be able to return to Jambiani again in 2008 to revisit them, and all of ZAP’s ongoing projects in this beautiful but desperately needy part of Africa.
Experiences of Somaya, a volunteer teacher in Jambiani, Zanzibar - July 2007 Piggy back on beach Things got moving at a very quick pace which was great; as far as I was concerned. I just wanted to get stuck in as soon as I could. The first day we headed down to the school where we would be teaching with ‘Mama’ Janie and Mr Pandu (ZAP Director and Manager in Zanzibar). Having been introduced to the Headmaster and the head of English, we were both feeling excited but slightly nervous. The Head told us that we would be taking Form I – 120 pupils, composed of mainly 15-16year olds, some 18 year olds and a few bright 14yrs olds). The next day I had the rather daunting but very thrilling task of taking the first class. We had planned the first lesson to be as interactive as possible, where the students would experience a new teaching approach and one which was very different from the rote learning they were accustomed to. We called this first class ‘information cards’. The idea was for every student to take a florescent card and write as much information down about themselves in English as they could - then they would each present it to the class. It seemed to go well, and we felt that we had achieved the first step.  Somaya with children The teaching progressed well and we both developed a great rapport with our students. I was tried desperately to learn all my students’ names, as I felt it was very important in order to be able to build a relationship of mutual respect and recognition. After five lessons of grappling with names such Nyamcha, Astuweni, and Mwanajuma, I felt reasonable confident that I could put a name to all 120 faces - most of the time! However it was not all smooth sailing and we did encounter some problems. For example both Emma and I had a deaf student in our class which the school had omitted to tell us about. We decided the best way to tackle this was to pair up the deaf pupil with one of the more advanced ones, allowing the advanced students to be able to spent extra time with the deaf ones without falling behind or having their own learning compromised. We also decided we would sit them both at the front so that they were able to lip read. The interaction and friendship within the class was very poignant, with the disabled ones never being ostracised, treated differently or neglected by their peers; I felt that this contrasted sadly with similar situations back in England. Another problem was coping with the sheer size of the classes. It was becoming exceptionally difficult to assess how the shy and less competent students were doing. We decided the only way this could be tackled was by dedicating more hours and resources to the students. As such our teaching time increased from around four hours a day to eight hours a day; this was the result of introducing ‘English Zayada’ - Swahili for Extra English Tuition. The idea was that the students would come over to Blue Lagoon after attending any jobs, chores, and extra curricular classes they may have had and spend two hours revising work we had done in class or revisiting concepts which they had struggled with. The classes were very successful, and not only attracted our target group of the less competent and more subdued students, but also the extra keen students. An average class comprised around ten students. We would give them all an orange and water and get cracking with the studying. As a reward the students were given stickers, and an opportunity for a little boogying. For this, I would bring in my 'ipod' and speakers and play a little reggae, and the students found it very amusing and fun. The combination of a more intimate studying environment coupled with fun and dance meant the turn outs were always high. I would say these classes were the key to strengthening our relationship with our students, and it was not rare that we would have students at the house until 10pm some nights, with all of us forgetting the time - we were having such a ball, and the great thing was that the students were getting a rare opportunity to practice their English. These classes made it patently clear that these students and the villagers in general were some of the most fun loving people we had ever met, always ready for any opportunity for fun and games. So we took this one step further and ensured that at least two of our school classes each week held would include a practical learning exercise. The most successful of these were group exercises. For example word bingo; the class would be split up into three, and we would ask for three captains to come forward. I would actively encourage the girls to take up these roles. but more often it was the boys who made it all fantastically competitive. The groups would be given 15 words each and have to separate the nouns, verbs etc. and the first group to have correctly identified all categories of words would win a prize. Most often the prize would be stationary or food. Both the school-taught classes and the extra English classes remained very successful and we were both very motivated and encouraged by the rapid progress of all the students. We decided that we had three important tasks to complete before the end of our stay. These were: to set an examination to assess their level of understanding, host a prize giving ceremony and organise an end of term party. To our absolute delight all three tasks were achieved and for that we are indebted to Salum and Mr Pandu, to Pai and Choma of the Visitors Inn (first ZAP vocational students), Mr Amer and of course our delightful students. The examination consisted of 6 parts and 30 questions ranging from conversational English to grammar. Marking 200 exam papers in two days, however, was not so delightful; let’s just say we were looking a little the worse for wear by the end of it! We had our reward, however, when we discovered that the majority of students attained 60% or more. The highest mark was 91% which was just incredible! Reflections  Somaya with baby Another very encouraging and refreshing observation was that Jambiani was not caught up in a patriarchal trap whereby women were never offered an opportunity of empowerment, or expected to play submissive roles. The treatment of women and girls in Jambiani was very inspiring. There is an automatic assumption that women would want to work, become independent and develop new skills as would a man. Likewise there was always a natural assumption that girls want to learn and play as do boys. Most importantly throughout my stay in Jambiani, I never witnessed any inequality, or disrespect of women and girls. Womens’ interests and rights were taken seriously; as such they were all afforded an opportunity of empowerment, within their private and public lives, something rarely found throughout the African world. Shopping Basket: 0 items (£0)
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ZANZIBAR ACTION PROJECT is a Registered Charity in the UK No. 1108030
ZAP is registered in Africa as a Non Governmental Organisation (NGO). View certificate.
ZAP is registered in Africa as a Non Governmental Organisation (NGO). View certificate.